Biography Resource Center

• In-depth coverage of current and historic people from almost every field of endeavor
• Search by name, nationality, place, date, occupation, gender, or ethnicity
• 400,000 biographies on more than 300,000 people compiled from over 100 Gale Group reference resources
• Full-text articles from over 250 periodicals
• 30,000 citations from Gale’s Almanac of Famous People
• 7,000 portraits
• Publication List (Journals): HTML  | PDF | Excel | Word
• Publication List (Reference Titles): Excel

I would use this database if i wanted to look up someone famous in history or if i needed to write a paper an like gorge Washinton I would look up a biography yo learn more about him.

Biomedical Reference Collection: Basic

• Designed for doctors, research scientists, students, clinical specialists and managers
• Full-text for over 100 journals in a variety of areas pertaining to medical study
• All titles included in the Biomedical Reference Collection: Basic are indexed in MEDLINE
• Publication List: HTML | PDF | Excel

I would use this database for when i would need learn about a disease and because my Dad is a dentist he might need to look up somthing related to mouth diseases.

EBSCO Animals

• Offers in-depth information on a variety of topics relating to animals
• Indexing, abstracts, and full-text records describing the natures and habitats of familiar animals
• Images available for some records

I would use this data base so i could learn more about animals or if i want to get an animal i don’t know much about I could learn about its habitat and what not.

 pla⋅gia⋅rism

   /ˈpleɪ dʒəˌrɪz əm, -dʒi əˌrɪz-/ Show Spelled Pronunciation [pley-juh-riz-uh m, -jee-uh-riz-] Show IPA Pronunciation

–noun

Origin:
1615–25; plagiar(y) + -ism

Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006.
Cite This Source

Full Text :COPYRIGHT 2007 Information Today, Inc.

Ohio University, the oldest public university in the state of Ohio, is an institution with an enrollment of about 20,000 students. For the past year, the university has been besieged by a crippling plagiarism scandal. Based on an alumnus’ allegations that more than 30 students in the school’s mechanical engineering department have plagiarized substantial or core portions of their graduate theses, the Athens, Ohio, institution has ordered those students to address the allegations or risk having their degrees revoked. Some of these theses are 20 years old, according to an article about the case in The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) on Aug. 15, 2006.

This front-page story was the latest in a series of plagiarism stories that seem to be destined for headline news. According to a WSJ article published on May 14, 2006, the board of directors at defense contractor Raytheon Co. decided it would withhold a salary increase and reduce incentive stock compensation to CEO William Swanson after it was revealed that Swanson’s Unwritten Rules of Management, a booklet he authored, contained almost verbatim passages from The Unwritten Rules of Engineering, a 1944 book by W. J. King.

A few weeks earlier, publisher Little, Brown and Co. took the extraordinary step of removing the novel How Opal Mehta Got Kissed, Got Wild, and Got a Life from retail shelves after The Harvard Crimson published a story accusing author Kaavya Viswanathan, a Harvard undergraduate student, of pilfering significant portions of two teen novels written by Megan McCafferty, according to a WSJ article published on April 28.

Based on these developments, plagiarism has become the new piracy. Just as piracy was a few years ago, plagiarism has become the hot, new crime du jour–an act that suggests immorality and often scandal at once. What’s more, plagiarism allegations feed into our society’s Candid Camera mentality–our seemingly insatiable need to uncover wrongdoing. So that’s why I wanted to compare plagiarism and copyright, and to write about the role of information professionals in raising the collective level of citation savvy.

Copyright [not equal to] Plagiarism

One of the biggest misconceptions about plagiarism is that it is synonymous with copyright infringement. Each passing year, I spend more time during my copyright seminar at Syracuse University explaining the distinction between (and possible intersecting points of) copyright and plagiarism.

Here’s how I compare and contrast these two concepts: Copyright simply is a set of laws that governs the creation, reproduction, and distribution of original works that can be perceived. Copyright law is codified as a federal statute at Title 17 of U.S. Code. The most important things to remember about copyright are that 1) it is a set of laws and 2) allegations of wrongdoing–the illegal use of protected works without exception, license, or purchase–are made within the context of a standardized legal process. But more about this process later.

Plagiarism, in comparison, is the act of stealing and passing off someone else’s ideas or words as one’s own without crediting the source, as defined in Merriam-Webster Online. Brief or attributed quotes generally do not constitute plagiarism. Typically, no law governs plagiarism, so no one can be sued for plagiarism. Ultimately, plagiarism is about idea theft: A person tries to take an idea and claim it as his or her own.

There is also a potential intersection between plagiarism and copyright. For example, an idea can be plagiarized, but an idea cannot be copyrighted. However, if that idea is committed to paper (or otherwise recorded), then the idea can be both plagiarized and infringed. So let’s take this a step further: While a recorded idea can be subject to plagiarism and copyright infringement, a person could use a recorded idea if that use falls under one or more copyright exceptions. Qualifying for one of the exceptions may remove the copyright infringement risk, but it may not necessarily remove the plagiarism risk.

In fact, a person who adds some level of ironic twist to the use may be considered a parodist and make that parody his own new, unique work that is subject to its own copyright protection. Or, given our working definition of plagiarism–the act of stealing and passing off another’s ideas or words as one’s own without crediting the source–one could reasonably argue that the act of parody constitutes a form of plagiarism. In many parodies, the source of the parody is instantly recognized, but does instant recognition equate to attribution?

In the end, though, copyright infringement and plagiarism are distinct and separate. But it is easier now to recognize how these concepts can get twisted.

Plagiarism Allegations

Even though copyright infringement can result in financial damages or even jail time, plagiarism allegations can be much more damaging to a person’s professional reputation than allegations of copyright infringement. To support this statement, let’s return to the Copyright Act. The act operates in a way that excuses infringement allegations. For example, fair use under Section 107 excuses an allegation of copyright infringement. Practically speaking, a judge may look at the facts of a case and determine that a party has actually made fair use of a work. Alternatively, a judge could determine that an accused’s claim of a fair use excuse is errant. (The publishing industry has been making just such an argument in its lawsuit over Google Book Search.) But in the end, copyright law allows for the possibility that allegedly illegal conduct may be excusable or defensible.

Federal copyright law (along with federal rules of evidence and civil litigation procedure) also typically places certain burdens on the accuser, including the burden of proving that an infringement occurred and that the accused is the party responsible for the infringement. Copyright law also imposes prerequisites that must be met even before an accuser makes an allegation: Pursuant to Section 411, a copyright owner cannot start a copyright infringement lawsuit unless the work at issue is registered with the Copyright Office in Washington, D.C. Given the excuses available to the accused, the procedural safeguards, and evidentiary safeguards, it is easy to see how the copyright system tries to balance the rights and reputations of the accused and the accuser.

Plagiarism allegations, however, have no such safeguards. Allegations of plagiarism do not require registration, and they do not require that the accuser prove the allegation. Plagiarism allegations do not even require that the injured party be the one who alleges wrongdoing. In most cases, third parties identify potential acts of plagiarism, make public allegations, then let the public rumor mill consider the facts. The accuser is never called upon to account for the veracity or falsity of his claim.

Plagiarism cases may involve an accuser’s questionable motives. For example, the person alleging plagiarism in the Ohio University case is an alumnus who was initially unable to get his thesis topic approved, according to the WSJ article. The article fails to ask (or answer) what seems to be an obvious question: Did the accuser have a big enough grudge against the students who graduated before him to discredit their work? While no proof exists that the accuser in the Ohio University scandal was fueled by such a motive, it is still a legitimate question.

Further, the WSJ report does not identify any conclusive determination that any of the alleged plagiarizers intentionally used another person’s content with the intent to deceive the reader that such content (or the ideas therein) was original. The story includes reports that seem worth investigating, but it seems the burden now lies with the accused to prove the claim effectively: They did not plagiarize. That is a tough position to be in.

What’s more, plagiarism claims inherently presume that the accused has a guilty mind: The alleged plagiarist intentionally and knowingly copied and failed to attribute another person’s work. But in many well-known plagiarism cases, the accused deny any intent to fail to attribute. Some say it is industrial sloppiness. This may or may not be true, but if industrial sloppiness–not stealth–is the real reason for not attributing something, then that seems different than an instance where a person’s mens rea is such that he meant to cheat. Certainly, the former does not seem to warrant destruction of the accused’s professional reputation.

(As an aside, an issue that seems to be lost within these discussions is the failure of educational institutions–domestic and international, at all levels–to train students properly for the rigors of high-level academic work, including technical writing and citation. That subject should be addressed elsewhere.)

The lack of standards in plagiarism cases make an accusation virtually impossible to defend, but the mere allegation of plagiarism is considered an often irreversible smudge against a person’s professional and personal values and ethics. This modern version of the scarlet letter points to one of the biggest problems with plagiarism: Without any clear standard, no burden of proof, and virtually no defenses, mere accusations of plagiarism can crush reputations faster than any allegation of copyright infringement.

Potential Plagiarism Solutions

This plagiarism controversy will not end any time soon. Interestingly, information professionals can play a role in helping knowledge workers with academic and technical writing. From a reference standpoint, several academic and corporate libraries will have subject matter specialists to help sift through and manage the literature on a given topic. The best librarians also will be quite familiar with standard citation conventions in that literature, and perhaps even will have available citation style guides that distill citation intricacies into manageable and repeatable steps.

Some libraries are even going further by providing access to Web-based citation management software. These service offerings are consistent with the contemporary trend of moving applications off the desktop, and instead, leveraging the Web as a computing platform. The benefit to packages such as RefWorks (www.refworks.com) is that the citations are centrally located and organized, and accessible from a reliable Web connection. Many of these packages also interface both with online databases and with Voyager-based library systems. This integration lets you drop citations right into the software from articles and catalog records.

Plagiarism accusations can dog and derail professional careers, even of those who have made legitimate or honest errors. The best way to stay out of plagiarism’s bright, unflattering spotlight is to identify citation customs (these will differ according to industry), learn those customs and citation standards, and, where possible, seek training or assistance in mastering and applying those standards.

K. Matthew Dames is the executive editor of Copycense (www.copycense.com), an online publication that reports on the law, business, and technology of digital content. He also frequently speaks to librarians about intellectual property issues, and he teaches copyright and licensing at Syracuse University’s iSchool. He has an M.S.L.I.S. from Syracuse University in New York and a J.D. from Northeastern University School of Law in Boston. His email address is copycense@gmail.com.

Books	Document Type
Print	steroids.The Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia University Press. Edition 6, 2000. p36716. (252 words)  Document
Print All (Academic Journals) (1)	Academic Journals	Document Type
Print	Run all day long after popping a pill.(Brief article).New Scientist 199.2668 (August 9, 2008): p17(1). (207 words)  Brief article
Print All (Magazines) (2)	Magazines	Document Type
Print	Champ or cheat? Steroid denials land top U.S. athletes in court.(drugs and United States athletes)(Cover story).Current Events, a Weekly Reader publication 107.12 (Dec 10, 2007): p4(4). (1664 words)  Cover story
Print	The Real Dope: IT’S NOT JUST SPORTS.(STEROIDS IN AMERICA: PART 1).Jack Mccallum. Sports Illustrated 108.11 (March 17, 2008): p28. (3842 words)  Article
Print All (News) (1)	News	Document Type
Print	Mitchell Report May Be Much Ado About Nothing.Leonard Shapiro. Washingtonpost.com (Dec 18, 2007)(2373 words)  Article

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Daniel Wert

                                                        Steroids                                                                    

       Steroid abusers subject themselves to more than 70 side effects ranging in severity from many different types of cancer including lung and liver to acne. Steroids are body-enhancing drugs that use natural and synthetic substances that copy body functions (Thomas, Santel 18). There are many different kinds of steroids. Some increase muscle mass or oxygen delivery. Others are stimulants, relaxants, weight and pain control and nutritional supplements. There are steroids that mask drug use to avoid detection in drug tests (Thomas et al. 19). Steroids are very dangerous and should never be used unless for medical reasons. People use steroids for many different reasons, yet there effects can be damaging.

Body enhancement drugs are called performance-enhancing drugs. When athletes take these drugs it is called doping (Thomas et al. 15). It was a rumored but never was proven, that one of the earliest use of steroids was by Hitler’s troops to increase their fighting abilities. The first reported use of anaobolic steroids in sports was by the soviet weight-lifting team in the early 1950s. (Lukas 14) These steroids can be taken in two different ways, an injection or in pill form. The most commonly used type of steroids by people is anabolic androgenic steroids. These steroids are testosterone-increasing drugs that are commonly abused (The Nightmare of Steroids). Testosterone drives muscle growth and has effects on the mood of a person and sexual functions (Big on Drugs). There are many other types of steroids and there not just used for creating muscle mass. One way many athletes get more endurance is by blood doping. The oldest form of blood doping is the infusion of blood. People inject the same type of blood into there own bodies. This then makes them have more red blood cells in their system which enables the person to get more oxygen at a quicker pace, thus increasing their endurance (NIDA”anoboilc steroids) stimulants are used to heighten energy levels and to boost endurance. Stimulants include cocaine, nicotine and caffeine. Relaxants or depressants slow down the nervous system. Sedatives, barbiturates, alcohol, marijuana and beta-blockers are all examples of relaxants. Masking pain is merely used by over the counter painkillers. Weight control or diuretics dehydrate fat cells, which result in temporary weight loss. Directs are also used to mask drug use because it increase your urine quantity. Chromium is also so a steroid that reduces fat by assisting cells to obtain more glucose. Nutritional supplements have lower results when taken. They are vitamin and mineral pills. Androstenedione is another popular performance enhancing steroid. It is an anabolic steroid that last only one to three hours. Creatine is the same as Androstenedione in creating more muscle mass. Creatine acts as a source of energy for the muscles (Thomas et al. 51-79).

People use steroids for many different reasons. Some people just want to have a better appearance. The amount of damage depends on how much steroids are taken usually the pill forms are more dangerous (Big on Drugs magazine). The main reason athletes use steroids is pressure. They put pressure on themselves because they want to win. Their coaches, family and friends with high expectations also add to the pressure of the athlete. The rewards are so great the athletes are willing to take the risk of steroids to win (Thomas et al. 17). Athletes get more muscle mass and reduced fat and they also obtain increased strength and endurance (Steroids). Athletes also want a faster recovery speed from workouts, so they can work out and exercise more (Anabolic steroids). Steroid users believe that steroids help prevent injures but in fact they do the opposite (Scot 50). Doctors use steroids for medical reasons. Steroids can help old men build muscle mass and speed the healing of injured muscles (The Nightmare of Steroids). Both the natural and the artificial steroids are used by doctors to treat diseases. They use the artificial kind because doctors can’t get enough of the real hormone. Steroids are also used by veterinarians. Farmers use them to beef up their cattle for more meat production (Scot 12).

The effects of steroids on women are a deeper voice, more body hair, more facial hair, smaller breasts and menstrual irregularity. The effects on men are larger breasts, smaller testicles and a lower sperm count. The effects for male and female are acne, hairless, upset stomach, mood swings, and difficulty urinating and rapid weight gain. He worst kind of effects happens when over abuse theses steroids, this can cause changes in your blood, liver, kidneys and heart. It may even cause some type of cancers (Scot 47, 97). If young adults take steroids it can stunt their growth. Once you stop taking steroids in a few months you will lose all of your muscle mass and withdrawal of steroids can cause sever depression. (Lukas “big on drugs”). One effect of steroids that people don’t usually want is good in sports. Steroids increase aggression and hostile behavior. They say it helps them get pumped for the game (Scot 17).

As has been shown we have talked about many different types of steroids, their effects and why these steroids would be used. In conclusion athletes and regular people take steroids for many different reasons, they risk the harmful effects of steroids to obtain their goal of winning or just looking good. In some situations steroids are great, but in most there is no need for them. If your thinking of taking steroids, don’t unless for a medical reason. A good diet and exercise will get you where you want to be physical without the effects of steroids. You just have to be patient. Steroids can be helpful and harmful but hard work and some effort will get you to your goal.

Work cited

 ”Anabolic steroids.” NIDA for teens: facts on drugs. No date given. NIDA. 7 NOV 2008 http://teens.drugabuse.gov/facts/facts_ster2.asp

Chaikin, Tommy, Telader, Rick. “The Nightmare of Steroids” Sports Illustrated 24 Oct 2008:84-102\

Keil, Janas. “Big on Drugs”mens health 4 OCT 2003:27-36.

Lukas, Scot. The Drug Library- Steroids. Springfeild, 1994.

Steroids”. DEA. Aug 2006. Drug Enforcement Administration. 30 Oct 2008 www.usdoj.gov/dea/concern/steroids.html.

Thomas Santel Drugs and Sports. San Diego: Green haven press INC, 2001

            Daniel wert super student 3

The Dupont branch is the closest to my house. Actives and times and locations. You can find different books they have and if there in or not and you can see what times their open.

Daniel wert

                                                        Steroids                                                                    

       Steroid abusers subject themselves to more than 70 side effects ranging in severity from many differnt types of cancer including lung and liver to acnee. Steroids are body enhancing drugs that use natural and synthetic substances that copy body functions (Thomas, Santel 18). There are many different kinds of steroids. Some increase muscle mass or oxygen delivery. Others are stimulants, relaxants, weight and pain control and nutritional supplements. There are steroids that mask drug use to avoid detection in drug tests ( Thomas et al. 19). Steroids are very dangerous and should never be used unless for medical reasons. People use steroids for many different reasons, yet there effects can be damaging.

Body enhancement drugs are called performance enhancing drugs. When athletes take these drugs it is called doping ( Thomas et al. 15) . It was a rumore but never was proven,that one of the earliest use of steroids was by Hitler’s troops to increase their fighting abilities. The first  reported use of anaobolicsteroids in sports was by the sovietweight-lifting team in the early 1950s.(Lukas 14)These steroids can be taken in two different ways, an injection or in pill form. The most commonly used type of steroids by people is anabolic androgenic steroids. These steroids are testosterone increasing drugs that are commonly abused (The Nightmare of Steroids). testosterone drives muscle growth and has effects on the mood of a person and sexual functions(Big on Drugs ). There are many other types of steroids and there not just used for creating muscle mass. One way many athletes get more endurance is by blood doping. The oldest form of blood doping is the infusion of blood. People inject the same type of blood into there own bodies. This then makes them have more red blood cells in their system which enables the person to get more oxygen at a quicker pace, thus increasing their endurance( NIDA”anoboilc steroids)stimulants are used to heighten energy levels and to boost endurance. Stimulants include cocaine, nicotine and caffeine. Relaxants or depressants slow down the nervous system. Sedatives, barbiturates, alcohol, marijuana and beta-blockers are all examples of relaxants. Masking pain is merely used by over the counter pain killers. Weight control or diuretics dehydrate fat cells, which results in temporary weight loss. Directs are also used to mask drug use because it increase your urine quantity. Chromium is also so a steroid that reduces fat by assisting cells to obtain more glucose. Nutritional supplements have lower results when taken. They are vitamin and mineral pills. Androstenedione is another popular performance enhancing steroid. It is an anabolic steroid that last only one to three hours. Creatine is the same as Androstenedione in creating more muscle mass. Creatine acts as a source of energy for the muscles (Thomas et al. 51-79).

People use steroids for many different reasons. Some people just want to have a better appearance. The amount of damage depends on how much steroids are taken usually the pill forms are more dangerous( Big on Drugs magazine). The main reason athletes use steroids is pressure. They put pressure on themselves because they want to win. Their coaches, family and friends with high expectations also add to the pressure of the athlete. The rewards are so great the athletes are willing to take the risk of steroids to win( Thomas et al. 17). Athletes get more muscle mass and reduced fat and they also obtain increased strength and endurance( Steroids). Athletes also want a faster recovery speed from workouts, so they can work out and exercise more(Anoboilc steroids ). Steroid users believe that steroids help prevent injures but in fact they do the opposite( Scot 50). Doctors use steroids for medicalreasons. Steroids can help old men build muscle mass and speed the healing of injured muscles( The Nightmare of Steroids). Both the naturaland the artificialsteroids are used by doctors to treat diseases. They use the artificial kind because doctors can’t get enough of the real hormone. Steroids are also used by veterinarians. Farmers use them to beef up their cattle for more meat production (Scot 12).

The effects of steroids abusers on women is a deeper voice, More body hair, more facialhair, smaller breasts and menstrual irregularity. The effects on men is larger breasts, smaller testicles and a lower sperm count. The effects for male and female are acne, hairless, upset stomach, mood swings, difficulty urinating and rapid weight gain. He worst kind of effects happens when over abuse theses steroids, this can cause changes in your blood, liver, kidneys and heart. It may even cause some type of cancers (Scot 47, 97). If young adults take steroids it can stunt their growth. Once you stop taking steroids in a few months you will lose all of your muscle mass and withdrawal of steroids can cause sever depression. ( lukas “big on drugs”). One effect of steroids that people don’t usually want is good in sports. Steroids increase aggression and hostile behavior. They say it helps them get pumped for the game (Scot 17).

as has been shown we have talked about many different types of steroids, there effects and why these steroids would be used. In conclusion athletes and regular people take steroids for many different reasons, they risk the harmful effects of steroids to obtain their goal of winning or just looking good. In some situations steroids are great, but in most there is no need for them. If your thinking of taking steroids don’t unless for a medicalreason. A good diet and exercise will get you where you want to be physical without the effects of steroids. You just have to be patient. Steroids can be helpful and harmful but hard work and some effort will get you to your goal.

work cited

 ”Anoboilc steroids.” NIDA for teens:facts on drugs.no date given. NIDA. 7 nov 2008 http://teens.drugabuse.gov/facts/facts_ster2.asp

Chaikin, Tommy, Telader, Rick. “The Nightmare of Steroids” Sports Illustrated 24 Oct 2008:84-102\

Keil, Janas. “Big on Drugs”mens health 4 oct 2003:27-36.

Lukas, Scot.The Drug Library Steroids. Springfeild,1994.

Steroids”. DEA. Aug 2006. drug Enforcemant Administration. 30 Oct 2008 www.usdoj.gov/dea/concern/steroids.html.

Thomas SantelDrugs and Sports. San Diego: Green haven press INC, 2001.

Chose steriod book casue writting paper on steriods. Scott e Lukas Steriods 362.29 l968 118266

Screw tape letters 248 l585 128030

Rinaldi 28 books

1. Friday August 22
2. edline
3. idk
4. sign up at the library befor or aftre school
5. English 9, The Giver, Lois lowery
6. On the library part
7. when its cold

8. tWO HOUr deLAY

   Warning Bell ……9:55

   Period 1 .10:00-10:34

   Period 2 . 10:39-11:11

   Period 3 . 11:16-11:48

   Period 4 ………………………………………………..Al 11:53-12:18 ………………………………….class 12:21-1:13

   Bl 12:21-12:44 ……………….class 11:53-12:18, 12:47-1:13

   cl 12:47-1:13 ………………………………….class 11:53-12:44

   Period 5 …..1:18-1:50

   Period 6 …..1:55-2:27

   Period 7 …..2:32-3:05

    

9. overnight .50

    

10. no cell phones on your person only in locker

     

11. before novemember

     

12. half an hour before and after school

     

13. october 18 3:00-4:30 7:30 -9:00

     

Galas, Judith. Drugs and Sports. San Diego: Lucent books,1997.

Drugs and Sports. San Diego: Green haven press INC, 2001.

Lukas, Scott. The Drug Library Steroids. Springfeild,1994.

Chaikin, Tommy, Telader, Rick. “The Nightmare of Steroids” Sports Illustrated 24 Oct 2008:84-102\

“Steroids (Anabolic-Androgenic)”. National Institute on Drug Abuse. 26 June 2008. NIDA. 30 Oct 2008 http://www.nida.nih.gov/infofacts/steroids.html.

“Steroids”. DEA. Aug 2006. drug Enforcemant Administration. 30 Oct 2008 www.usdoj.gov/dea/concern/steroids.html.